Creation of topological states of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a plaquette

Details Creation of topological states of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a plaquette Creation of topological states of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a plaquette

2010-08-13

arxiv.org/abs/1008.2324v4

Phys. Rev. A 84, 023625 (2011)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.84.023625

We study a square plaquette of four optical microtraps containing ultracold $^{87}$Rb atoms in F=1 hyperfine state. In a presence of external resonant magnetic field the dipolar interactions couple initial $m_F=1$ component to other Zeeman sublevels. This process is a generalization of the Einstein-de Haas effect to the case when the external potential has only $C_4$ point-symmetry. We observe that vortex structures appear in the initially empty $m_F=0$ state. Topological properties of this state are determined by competition between the local axial symmetry of the individual trap and the discrete symmetry of the plaquette. For deep microtraps vortices are localized at individual sites whereas for shallow traps only one discrete vortex appears in the plaquette. States created in these two opposite cases have different topological properties related to $C_4$ point-symmetry.

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