Creating Artificial Ice States Using Vortices in Nanostructured Superconductors

Details Creating Artificial Ice States Using Vortices in Nanostructured Superconductors Creating Artificial Ice States Using Vortices in Nanostructured Superconductors

2008-08-27

arxiv.org/abs/0808.3780v2

Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 237004 (2009)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Superconductivity

4 pages, 4 postscript figures; version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett

Scientific paper

We demonstrate that it is possible to realize vortex ice states that are analogous to square and kagome ice. With numerical simulations, we show that the system can be brought into a state that obeys either global or local ice rules by applying an external current according to an annealing protocol. We explore the breakdown of the ice rules due to disorder in the nanostructure array and show that in square ice, topological defects appear along grain boundaries, while in kagome ice, individual defects appear. We argue that the vortex system offers significant advantages over other artificial ice systems.

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