Crackling Noise, Power Spectra and Disorder Induced Critical Scaling

Details Crackling Noise, Power Spectra and Disorder Induced Critical Scaling Crackling Noise, Power Spectra and Disorder Induced Critical Scaling

2001-12-07

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0112133v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

27 Latex Pages, 14 eps figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.66.024430

Crackling noise is observed in many disordered non-equilibrium systems in response to slowly changing external conditions. Examples range from Barkhausen noise in magnets to acoustic emission in martensites to earthquakes. Using the non-equilibrium random field Ising model, we derive universal scaling predictions for the dependence of the associated power spectra on the disorder and field sweep rate, near an underlying disorder-induced non-equilibrium critical point. Our theory applies to certain systems in which the crackling noise results from avalanche-like response to a (slowly) increasing external driving force, and is characterized by a broad power law scaling regime of the power spectra. We compute the critical exponents and discuss the relevance of the results to experiments.

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