Controlling the band gap of ZnO by programmable annealing

Details Controlling the band gap of ZnO by programmable annealing Controlling the band gap of ZnO by programmable annealing

2011-09-20

arxiv.org/abs/1109.4217v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

JPCC, in press

Scientific paper

Annealing has been extensively used to control crystal growth and physical properties of materials with unfortunately unclear mechanism and quantitative correlations. Here we present the "annealing temperature - grain size - band gap" correlation for ZnO nanocrystals with experimental evidence. Findings revealed that the annealing condition determines the critical size by equating the thermal and the cohesive energy of the undercoordinated atoms in the surface skin, which in turn induce local strain and quantum entrapment, perturbing the Hamiltonian and hence the band gap. The formulation provides a general guideline for controlling crystal growth and performance of materials, and makes predictive design and fabrication of functional nanomaterials into reality.

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