Constraints on Mercury's radius and limb topography from MESSENGER flyby images

Physics

Scientific paper

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5464 Remote Sensing, 5475 Tectonics (8149), 5794 Instruments And Techniques, 6235 Mercury

Scientific paper

Limb images obtained during MESSENGER's first flyby of Mercury have been used to estimate the planet's radius and to study limb topographic relief. The mean radius (with approach and departure limbs both near longitude 215 deg E) was found to be r = 2439.94 km +/- 0.69 km, in agreement with the results from Mariner 10 occultations and Earth-based radar observations. Separate estimates for polar and equatorial radii are similar to within errors, suggesting that any planetary flattening is minor in comparison with the prevalent topography. The residual topography from our limb profiles shows a dynamic range of 7.8 km and a root- mean-square roughness of 0.75 km, in agreement with the characteristics of the near-equatorial laser altimeter profile and stereo topographic models obtained during the flyby. With new camera calibration measurements and additional limb images from MESSENGER's second Mercury flyby expected this fall, we expect that information on Mercury's size and global shape parameters will steadily improve.

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