Comparative MHD Models of the First two MESSENGER Flybys of Mercury

Physics

Scientific paper

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2740 Magnetospheric Configuration And Dynamics, 2756 Planetary Magnetospheres (5443, 5737, 6033), 2760 Plasma Convection (2463), 6235 Mercury, 7827 Kinetic And Mhd Theory

Scientific paper

The second MESSENGER flyby of Mercury on October 6, 2008, will provide new insight into the structure and dynamics of Mercury's small but complex magnetosphere. In this paper, we present an improved global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of the magnetosphere of Mercury that takes into account the data from this most recent flyby. This model uses an updated estimate of the intrinsic magnetic field of the planet by combining fits from two of the Mariner 10 flybys and the two MESSENGER flybys. The results with this new improved dipole will be compared with the pre-encounter dipole derived using only the first MESSENGER flyby data. Our new model also provides clues on how the structure of magnetosphere of Mercury will have changed between the two MESSENGER encounters to adapt to the two different sets of solar wind conditions for each flyby. These changes can be mainly seen in the bow shock and magnetopause positions. But we also show that the effect of the solar wind condition is visible in the reconnection rates and patterns between the solar wind and the intrinsic magnetic field lines, and in the way particles from the plasma sheet convect to the day side of the inner magnetosphere. Finally, we introduce through this model results from including the effect of heavy ions in the MHD scheme. The physical and technical validity of the results will be discussed and compared with results obtained with test particle techniques and hybrid codes.

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