Physics – Condensed Matter – Quantum Gases
Scientific paper
2010-02-16
Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 043001 (2010)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Quantum Gases
5 pages, 5 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.043001
Recent experiments on Bose--Einstein condensates in optical cavities have reported a quantum phase transition to a coherent state of the matter-light system -- superradiance. The time dependent nature of these experiments demands consideration of collective dynamics. Here we establish a rich phase diagram, accessible by quench experiments, with distinct regimes of dynamics separated by non-equilibrium phase transitions. We include the key effects of cavity leakage and the back-reaction of the cavity field on the condensate. Proximity to some of these phase boundaries results in critical slowing down of the decay of many-body oscillations. Notably, this slow decay can be assisted by large cavity losses. Predictions include the frequency of collective oscillations, a variety of multi-phase co-existence regions, and persistent optomechanical oscillations described by a damped driven pendulum. These findings open new directions to study collective dynamics and non-equilibrium phase transitions in matter-light systems.
Bhaseen M. J.
Keeling Jonathan
Simons Benjamin D.
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