Collapse and revival dynamics of superfluids of ultracold atoms in optical lattices

Details Collapse and revival dynamics of superfluids of ultracold atoms in optical lattices Collapse and revival dynamics of superfluids of ultracold atoms in optical lattices

2011-04-07

arxiv.org/abs/1104.1402v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

5 pages, 3 figures

Scientific paper

Recent experiments have shown a remarkable number of collapse-and-revival oscillations of the matter-wave coherence of ultracold atoms in optical lattices [Will et al., Nature 465, 197 (2010)]. Using a mean-field approximation to the Bose-Hubbard model, we show that the visibility of collapse-and-revival interference patterns reveal number squeezing of the initial superfluid state. To describe the dynamics, we use an effective Hamiltonian that incorporates the intrinsic two-body and induced three-body interactions, and we analyze in detail the resulting complex pattern of collapse-and-revival frequencies generated by virtual transitions to higher bands. Our work shows that a combined analysis of both the multiband, non-stationary dynamics in the final deep lattice, and the number-squeezing of the initial superfluid state, explains important characteristics of optical lattice collapse-and-revival physics.

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