Characteristics of Bose-Einstein condensation in an optical lattice

Details Characteristics of Bose-Einstein condensation in an optical lattice Characteristics of Bose-Einstein condensation in an optical lattice

2008-02-05

arxiv.org/abs/0802.0700v2

Phys. Rev. A 77, 043626 (2008)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Superconductivity

12 pages, 13 figures; Revised version with new figures; Phys. Rev. A 77, 043626 (2008)

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.77.043626

We discuss several possible experimental signatures of the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) transition for an ultracold Bose gas in an inhomogeneous optical lattice. Based on the commonly used time-of-flight imaging technique, we show that the momentum-space density profile in the first Brillouin zone, supplemented by the visibility of interference patterns, provides valuable information about the system. In particular, by crossing the BEC transition temperature, the appearance of a clear bimodal structure sets a qualitative and universal signature of this phase transition. Furthermore, the momentum distribution can also be applied to extract the condensate fraction, which may serve as a promising thermometer in such a system.

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