Broken unitarity and phase measurements in Aharonov-Bohm interferometers

Details Broken unitarity and phase measurements in Aharonov-Bohm interferometers Broken unitarity and phase measurements in Aharonov-Bohm interferometers

2001-08-03

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0108064v3

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

4 pages, 3 figures(eps). Phys. Rev. Letters (in press)

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.166801

Aharonov-Bohm mesoscopic solid-state interferometers yield a conductance which contains a term $\cos(\phi+\beta)$, where $\phi$ relates to the magnetic flux. Experiments with a quantum dot on one of the interfering paths aim to relate $\beta$ to the dot's intrinsic Friedel transmission phase, $\alpha_1$. For closed systems, which conserve the electron current (unitarity), the Onsager relation requires that $\beta=0$. For open systems, we show that $\beta$ depends in general on the details of the broken unitarity. Although it gives information on the resonances of the dot, $\beta$ is generally not equal to $\alpha_1$. A direct relation between $\beta$ and $\alpha_1$ requires specific ways of opening the system, which are discussed.

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