Boundary-induced violation of the Dirac fermion parity and its signatures in local and global tunneling spectra of graphene

Details Boundary-induced violation of the Dirac fermion parity and its signatures in local and global tunneling spectra of graphene Boundary-induced violation of the Dirac fermion parity and its signatures in local and global tunneling spectra of graphene

2008-10-03

arxiv.org/abs/0810.0632v4

Phys. Rev. B 79, 195422 (2009)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

8 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.79.195422

Extended defects in graphene, such as linear edges, break the translational invariance and can also have an impact on the symmetries specific to massless Dirac-like quasiparticles in this material. The paper examines the consequences of a broken Dirac fermion parity in the framework of the effective boundary conditions varying from the Berry-Mondragon mass confinement to a zigzag edge. The parity breaking reflects the structural sublattice asymmetry of zigzag-type edges and is closely related to the previously predicted time-reversal symmetric edge states. We calculate the local and global densities of the edge states and show that they carry a specific polarization, resembling, to some extent, that of spin-polarized materials. The lack of the parity leads to a nonanalytical particle-hole asymmetry in the edge-state properties. We use our findings to interpret recently observed tunneling spectra in zigzag-terminated graphene. We also propose a graphene-based tunneling device where the particle-hole asymmetric edge states result in a strongly nonlinear conductance-voltage characteristics, which could be used to manipulate the tunneling transport.

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