Bond-order modulated staggered flux phase for the $t{-}J$ model on the square lattice

Details Bond-order modulated staggered flux phase for the $t{-}J$ model on the square lattice Bond-order modulated staggered flux phase for the $t{-}J$ model on the square lattice

2006-01-16

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0601301v4

Phys. Rev. B 74, 104506 (2006)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Strongly Correlated Electrons

10 pages, 9 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.74.104506

Motivated by the observation of inhomogeneous patterns in some high-T$_c$ cuprate compounds, several variational Gutzwiller-projected wave-functions with built-in charge and bond order parameters are proposed for the extended $t-J-V$ model on the square lattice at low doping. First, following a recent Gutzwiller-projected mean-field approach by one of us (Phys. Rev. B. {\bf 72}, 060508(R) (2005)), we investigate, as a function of doping and Coulomb repulsion, the stability of the staggered flux phase with respect to small spontaneous modulations of squared unit cells ranging from $2\times 2$ to $\sqrt{32}\times\sqrt{32}$. It is found that a $4\times 4$ bond-order (BO) modulation appears spontaneously on top of the staggered flux pattern for hole doping around 1/8. A related wave-function is then constructed and optimized accurately and its properties studied extensively using an approximation-free variational Monte Carlo scheme. Finally, the competition of the BO-modulated staggered flux wave-function w.r.t. the d-wave RVB wave-function or the commensurate flux state is investigated. It is found that a short range Coulomb repulsion penalizes the d-wave superconductor and that a moderate Coulomb repulsion brings them very close in energy. Our results are discussed in connection to the STM observations in the under-doped regime of some cuprates.

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