Atomic Gases at Negative Kinetic Temperature

Details Atomic Gases at Negative Kinetic Temperature Atomic Gases at Negative Kinetic Temperature

2005-01-14

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0501344v4

Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 040403 (2005)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

4 pages 5 figures; v4: Typo corrections. Accepted Phys. Rev. Lett

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.040403

We show that thermalization of the motion of atoms at negative temperature is possible in an optical lattice, for conditions that are feasible in current experiments. We present a method for reversibly inverting the temperature of a trapped gas. Moreover, a negative-temperature ensemble can be cooled, reducing abs(T), by evaporation of the lowest-energy particles. This enables the attainment of the Bose-Einstein condensation phase transition at negative temperature.

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