Physics – Condensed Matter – Other Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2008-03-13
Phys. Rev. A 79(3), 033617 (2009) [8 pages]
Physics
Condensed Matter
Other Condensed Matter
6 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevA.79.033617
We propose a Hamiltonian of ultracold spinless atoms in optical lattices including the two-body interaction of nearest neighbors, which reduces to the Bose-Hubbard model in weak interaction limit. An atom-pair hoping term appearing in the new Hamiltonian explains naturally the recent experimental observation of correlated tunneling in a double-well trap with strong atom-atom interactions and moreover leads to a new dynamic process of atom-pair tunneling where strongly interacting atoms can tunnel back and forth as a fragmented pair. Finally a new dynamics of oscillations induced by the atom-pair tunneling is found in the strong interaction regime, where the Bose-Hubbard model gives rise to the insulator state with fixed time-averaged value of atom-occupation-number only. Quantum phase transitions between two quantum phases characterized by degenerate and non-degenerate ground states are shown to be coinciding with the Landau second-order phase transition theory. In the system of finite atom-number the degeneracy of ground states can be removed by quantum tunneling for the even-number of atoms but not for the odd-number.
Li Wei-Dong
Li Zhi-Jian
Liang Jing-Qiu
Liu Jian-Li
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