Anomalous Effects of "Guest" Charges Immersed in Electrolyte: Exact 2D Results

Details Anomalous Effects of "Guest" Charges Immersed in Electrolyte: Exact 2D Results Anomalous Effects of "Guest" Charges Immersed in Electrolyte: Exact 2D Results

2005-03-09

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0503201v1

J. Stat. Phys. 120 (2005) 125-146

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

21 pages, 1 figure

Scientific paper

10.1007/s10955-005-5477-8

We study physical situations when one or two "guest" arbitrarily-charged particles are immersed in the bulk of a classical electrolyte modelled by a Coulomb gas of positive/negative unit point-like charges, the whole system being in thermal equilibrium. The models are treated as two-dimensional with logarithmic pairwise interactions among charged constituents; the (dimensionless) inverse temperature $\beta$ is considered to be smaller than 2 in order to ensure the stability of the electrolyte against the collapse of positive-negative pairs of charges. Based on recent progress in the integrable (1+1)-dimensional sine-Gordon theory, exact formulas are derived for the chemical potential of one guest charge and for the asymptotic large-distance behavior of the effective interaction between two guest charges. The exact results imply, under certain circumstances, anomalous effects such as an effective attraction (repulsion) between like-charged (oppositely-charged) guest particles and the charge inversion in the electrolyte vicinity of a highly-charged guest particle. The adequacy of the concept of renormalized charge is confirmed in the whole stability region of inverse temperatures and the related saturation phenomenon is revised.

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