Andrade, Omori and Time-to-failure Laws from Thermal Noise in Material Rupture

Details Andrade, Omori and Time-to-failure Laws from Thermal Noise in Material Rupture Andrade, Omori and Time-to-failure Laws from Thermal Noise in Material Rupture

2003-11-20

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0311493v1

Phys. Rev. E 71, 016608 (2005)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Materials Science

4 pages with 1 figure

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevE.71.016608

Using the simplest possible ingredients of a rupture model with thermal fluctuations, we provide an analytical theory of three ubiquitous empirical observations obtained in creep (constant applied stress) experiments: the initial Andrade-like and Omori-like $1/t$ decay of the rate of deformation and of fiber ruptures and the $1/(t_c-t)$ critical time-to-failure behavior of acoustic emissions just prior to the macroscopic rupture. The lifetime of the material is controlled by a thermally activated Arrhenius nucleation process, describing the cross-over between these two regimes. Our results give further credit to the idea proposed by Ciliberto et al. that the tiny thermal fluctuations may actually play an essential role in macroscopic deformation and rupture processes at room temperature. We discover a new re-entrant effect of the lifetime as a function of quenched disorder amplitude.

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