An intrinsic limit to quantum coherence due to spontaneous symmetry breaking

Details An intrinsic limit to quantum coherence due to spontaneous symmetry breaking An intrinsic limit to quantum coherence due to spontaneous symmetry breaking

2004-08-16

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0408357v2

Physical Review Letters 94, 230401 (2005)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Strongly Correlated Electrons

4 pages, 3 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.230401

We investigate the influence of spontaneous symmetry breaking on the decoherence of a many-particle quantum system. This decoherence process is analyzed in an exactly solvable model system that is known to be representative of symmetry broken macroscopic systems in equilibrium. It is shown that spontaneous symmetry breaking imposes a fundamental limit to the time that a system can stay quantum coherent. This universal timescale is $t_{spon} \simeq 2\pi N \hbar / (k_B T)$, given in terms of the number of microscopic degrees of freedom $N$, temperature $T$, and the constants of Planck ($\hbar$) and Boltzmann ($k_B$).

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