Physics – Condensed Matter – Superconductivity
Scientific paper
2012-02-09
Physics
Condensed Matter
Superconductivity
13 pages, 10 figures
Scientific paper
Motivated by recent angle-resolved thermal conductivity experiment that shows twofold gap symmetry in the high field and low temperature C phase in a heavy fermion superconductor UPt$_3$, we group-theoretically identify the pairing functions as $E_{1u}$ with the f-wave character for all three phases. Those are consistent with this observation in addition to variety of existing measurements. By using microscopic quasi-classical Eilenberger equation with this identified triplet pairing function under applied fields, we develop detailed studies of the vortex structures for three phases, including the vortex lattice symmetry, local density of states, and the internal field distribution. These quantities are directly measurable experimentally via SANS, STM/STS, and NMR, respectively. It is found that in the B phase of low H and low T the double-core vortex is stabilized over the singular vortex. For the C phase thermal conductivity data are analyzed to confirm the gap structure proposed. We also give detailed comparisons of various proposed pair functions, concluding that the present $E_{1u}$ with f-wave, which is analogue to the triplet planar state, is better than $E_{2u}$ or $E_{1g}$ scenarios. Finally we touch upon the surface topological aspects of Majorana modes associated with the $E_{1u}^f$ state of the planar like features.
Machida Kazushige
Ohmi Tetsuo
Ozaki Masa-aki
Tsutsumi Yasumasa
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