A Novel Method for Finding Young Brown Dwarfs: New Discoveries in Ophiuchus and Perseus

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

We have designed a custom near-IR filter for use with ULBCAM on the UH 88" telescope with the purpose of finding young brown dwarfs. Our 6% wide filter is centered on the prominent 1.45 micron H2O absorption band in the spectra of M and L-type objects. By combining imaging from our [1.45] filter with broad band J and H photometry, we can create a reddening-insensitive Q-parameter, which can be used to estimate spectral types. Because [1.45] is sensitive to H2O absorption, our method of photometric selection greatly reduces contamination by reddened background stars which plague broad-band only surveys. To date, we have acheived a 90% spectroscopic confirmation rate for candidates selected with our filter, which is a factor of 3-4 improvement over surveys using broad-band only photometric selection. We present spectroscopic confirmation of new young brown dwarfs and planetary-mass objects in Ophiuchus and Perseus, which proves the efficacy of our filter and selection method.

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