A nonlinear elliptic equation arising from gauge field theory and cosmology

Physics – Condensed Matter – Superconductivity

Scientific paper

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Cosmology, Elliptic Differential Equations, Gauge Theory, Nonlinear Equations, String Theory, Boundary Conditions, Electric Charge, Magnetic Flux, Superconductivity, Theorems

Scientific paper

We study radially symmetric solutions of a nonlinear elliptic partial differential equation in R2 with critical Sobolev growth, i.e. the nonlinearity is of exponential type. This problem arises from a wide variety of important areas in theoretical physics including superconductivity and cosmology. Our results lead to many interseting implications for the physical problems considered. For example, for the self-dual Chern-Simons theory, we are able to conclude that the electric charge, magnetic flux, or energy of a non-topological N-vortex solution may assume any prescribed value above an explicit lower bound. For the Einstein-matter-gauge equations, we find a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a self-dual cosmic string solution. Such a condition imposes an obstruction for the winding number of a string in terms of the universal gravitational constant.

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