5-cm-band traveling wave maser for an astronomical sum-difference radiometer

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Crystal Optics, Maser Outputs, Radiometers, Traveling Wave Masers, Astronomy, Centimeter Waves, Optical Pumping, Ruby Lasers, Superconducting Magnets, Very Long Base Interferometry

Scientific paper

In the ruby traveling wave maser described here, the optical axis of the ruby crystal is oriented at an angle of 90 deg to the vector of the magnetostatic field. Double pumping over the 1-3 and 3-4 transitions is used. A summator has been developed which makes it possible to direct (without substantial losses) into one channel the power of two pumping sources differing by 3 GHz in frequency. For a gain of 30 dB, the instantaneous maser band is 35 MHz; the operating temperature is 4.2 K while the self-noise temperature is 10 + or - 1 K. It is noted that masers of this sort can be used in VLBI systems.

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