4/3-Law of Granular Particles Flowing through a Vertical Pipe

Details 4/3-Law of Granular Particles Flowing through a Vertical Pipe 4/3-Law of Granular Particles Flowing through a Vertical Pipe

1998-02-17

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9802174v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

4 pages, 4 figures, a style file

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.2833

Density waves of granular material (sand) flowing through a vertical pipe have been investigated. Clear density waves emerge when the cock attached to bottom end of the pipe is closed. The FFT power spectra were found to show a stable power-law form $ P(f) \sim f^{-\alpha}. $ The value of the exponent was evaluated as $\alpha \cong 4/3$. We also introduce a simple one-dimensional model which reproduces $\alpha = 4/3$ from both simulation and theoretical analysis. (to be published in Phys.Rev.Lett.)

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