The Excitation Spectrum of a Bose-Einstein Condensate

Details The Excitation Spectrum of a Bose-Einstein Condensate The Excitation Spectrum of a Bose-Einstein Condensate

2001-11-22

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0111438v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Soft Condensed Matter

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.120407

We report the first measurement of the excitation spectrum and the static structure factor of a Bose-Einstein condensate. The excitation spectrum displays a linear phonon regime, as well as a parabolic single-particle regime. The linear regime provides an upper limit for the superfluid critical velocity, by the Landau criterion. The excitation spectrum agrees well with the Bogoliubov spectrum, in the local density approximation. This agreement continues even for excitations close to the long-wavelength limit of the region of applicability of the approximation. Feynman's relation between the excitation spectrum and the static structure factor is verified, within an overall constant.

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