Physics – Condensed Matter – Quantum Gases
Scientific paper
2010-06-04
Phys. Rev. A 87, 013604 (2011)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Quantum Gases
12 double spaced pages (main text), 12 double spaced pages (supplementary information), 4 figures (10 panels)
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevA.84.013604
Attempts to understand zero temperature phase transitions have forced physicists to consider a regime where the standard paradigms of condensed matter physics break down [1-4]. These quantum critical systems lack a simple description in terms of weakly interacting quasiparticles, but over the past 20 years physicists have gained deep insights into their properties. Most dramatically, theory predicts that universal scaling relationships describe their finite temperature thermodynamics up to remarkably high temperatures. Unfortunately, these universal functions are hard to calculate: for example there are no reliable general techniques [4,5] to calculate the scaling functions for dynamics. Viewing a cold atom experiment as a quantum simulator [6], we show how to extract universal scaling functions from (non-universal) atomic density profiles or spectroscopic measurements. Such experiments can resolve important open questions about the Mott-Metal crossover [7,8] and the dynamics of the finite density O(2) rotor model [1,9], with direct impact on theories of, for example, high temperature superconducting cuprates [10,11], heavy fermion materials [12], and graphene [13].
Hazzard Kaden R. A.
Mueller Erich J.
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