Helical liquids and Majorana bound states in quantum wires

Details Helical liquids and Majorana bound states in quantum wires Helical liquids and Majorana bound states in quantum wires

2010-03-05

arxiv.org/abs/1003.1145v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

4+epsilon pages

Scientific paper

We show that the combination of spin-orbit coupling with a Zeeman field or strong interactions may lead to the formation of a helical liquid in single-channel quantum wires. In a helical liquid, electrons with opposite velocities have opposite spin precession. We argue that zero-energy Majorana bound states are formed in various situations when the wire is situated in proximity to a conventional s-wave superconductor. This occurs when the external magnetic field, the superconducting gap, or, in particular, the chemical potential vary along the wire. We discuss experimental consequences of the formation of the helical liquid and the Majorana bound states.

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