Physics – Condensed Matter – Soft Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2008-02-14
Ann. Univ. Sofia, Fac. Chem. 102/103 (2011) 177-183
Physics
Condensed Matter
Soft Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
A simple non-local theoretical model is developed considering concentrated ionic surfactant solutions as regular ones. Their thermodynamics is described by the Cahn-Hilliard theory coupled with electrostatics. It is discovered that unstable solutions possess two critical temperatures, where the temperature coefficients of all characteristic lengths are discontinuous. At temperatures below the lower critical temperature ionic surfactant solutions separate into thin layers of oppositely charged liquids spread across the whole system and the electric potential is strictly periodic. At temperatures between the two critical temperatures separation can occur only near the solution surface thus leading to an oscillatory-decaying electric double layer. At temperatures above the higher critical temperature as well as in stable solutions there is no separation and the electric potential decays exponentially.
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