Vortex stability in nearly two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with attraction

Details Vortex stability in nearly two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with attraction Vortex stability in nearly two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with attraction

2006-03-29

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0603793v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

21 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Physical Review A

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.73.043615

We perform accurate investigation of stability of localized vortices in an effectively two-dimensional ("pancake-shaped") trapped BEC with negative scattering length. The analysis combines computation of the stability eigenvalues and direct simulations. The states with vorticity S=1 are stable in a third of their existence region, $0$ $\allowbreak 0.43N_{\max}^{(S=1)}$, the fragments do not recombine, as each one collapses by itself. The results are compared with those in the full 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation. In a moderately anisotropic 3D configuration, with the aspect ratio $\sqrt{10}$, the stability interval of the S=1 vortices occupies $\approx 40%$ of their existence region, hence the 2D limit provides for a reasonable approximation in this case. For the isotropic 3D configuration, the stability interval expands to 65% of the existence domain. Overall, the vorticity heightens the actual collapse threshold by a factor of up to 2. All vortices with $S\geq 2$ are unstable.

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