Revealing Superfluid--Mott-Insulator Transition in an Optical Lattice

Details Revealing Superfluid--Mott-Insulator Transition in an Optical Lattice Revealing Superfluid--Mott-Insulator Transition in an Optical Lattice

2002-02-27

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0202510v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

4 pages (12 figures), Latex. (A Latex macro is corrected)

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.66.031601

We study (by an exact numerical scheme) the single-particle density matrix of $\sim 10^3$ ultracold atoms in an optical lattice with a parabolic confining potential. Our simulation is directly relevant to the interpretation and further development of the recent pioneering experiment by Greiner et al. In particular, we show that restructuring of the spatial distribution of the superfluid component when a domain of Mott-insulator phase appears in the system, results in a fine structure of the particle momentum distribution. This feature may be used to locate the point of the superfluid--Mott-insulator transition.

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