Generic Phase Diagram of Fermion Superfluids with Population Imbalance

Physics – Condensed Matter – Superconductivity

Scientific paper

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5 pages, 5 figures, replaced by the version to appear in PRL

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.120407

It is shown by microscopic calculations for trapped imbalanced Fermi superfluids that the gap function has always sign changes, i.e., the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state like, up to a critical imbalance $P_c$, beyond which normal state becomes stable, at temperature T=0. A phase diagram is constructed in $T$ vs $P$, where the BCS state without sign change is stable only at $T\neq 0$. We reproduce the observed bimodality in the density profile to identify its origin and evaluate $P_c$ as functions of $T$ and the coupling strength. These dependencies match with the recent experiments.

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