Physics – Condensed Matter – Other Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2005-03-17
Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 050404 (2005).
Physics
Condensed Matter
Other Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.050404
We investigate the phase coherence properties of ultracold Bose gases in optical lattices, with special emphasis on the Mott insulating phase. We show that phase coherence on short length scales persists even deep in the insulating phase, preserving a finite visibility of the interference pattern observed after free expansion. This behavior can be attributed to a coherent admixture of particle/hole pairs to the perfect Mott state for small but finite tunneling. In addition, small but reproducible ``kinks'' are seen in the visibility, in a broad range of atom numbers. We interpret them as signatures for density redistribution in the shell structure of the trapped Mott insulator.
Bloch Immanuel
Foelling Simon
Gerbier Fabrice
Gericke Tatjana
Mandel Olaf
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