Phase Transitions in Ultra-Cold Two-Dimensional Bose Gases

Details Phase Transitions in Ultra-Cold Two-Dimensional Bose Gases Phase Transitions in Ultra-Cold Two-Dimensional Bose Gases

2006-02-27

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0602614v1

Int. J. Mod. Phys. B, vol 20, 5224 (2006)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

Scientific paper

10.1142/S0217979206036302

We briefly review the theory of Bose-Einstein condensation in the two-dimensional trapped Bose gas and, in particular the relationship to the theory of the homogeneous two-dimensional gas and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase. We obtain a phase diagram for the trapped two-dimensional gas, finding a critical temperature above which the free energy of a state with a pair of vortices of opposite circulation is lower than that for a vortex-free Bose-Einstein condensed ground state. We identify three distinct phases which are, in order of increasing temperature, a phase coherent Bose-Einstein condensate, a vortex pair plasma with fluctuating condensate phase and a thermal Bose gas. The thermal activation of vortex-antivortex pair formation is confirmed using finite-temperature classical field simulations.

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