Parity Effect in Ground State Energies of Ultrasmall Superconducting Grains

Details Parity Effect in Ground State Energies of Ultrasmall Superconducting Grains Parity Effect in Ground State Energies of Ultrasmall Superconducting Grains

1997-01-08

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9701041v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

4 pages, revtex, multicol.sty

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.3749

We study the superconductivity in small grains in the regime when the quantum level spacing $\delta\varepsilon$ is comparable to the gap $\Delta$. As $\delta\varepsilon$ is increased, the system crosses over from superconducting to normal state. This crossover is studied by calculating the dependence of the ground state energy of a grain on the parity of the number of electrons. The states with odd numbers of particles carry an additional energy $\Delta_P$, which shows non-monotonic dependence on $\delta\varepsilon$. Our predictions can be tested experimentally by studying the parity-induced alternation of Coulomb blockade peak spacings in grains of different sizes.

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