Physics – Condensed Matter – Other Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2007-09-04
Nature Physics 4, 50-54 (2008)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Other Condensed Matter
Published version
Scientific paper
10.1038/nphys776
Preparation, manipulation, and detection of strongly correlated states of quantum many body systems are among the most important goals and challenges of modern physics. Ultracold atoms offer an unprecedented playground for realization of these goals. Here we show how strongly correlated states of ultracold atoms can be detected in a quantum non-demolition scheme, that is, in the fundamentally least destructive way permitted by quantum mechanics. In our method, spatially resolved components of atomic spins couple to quantum polarization degrees of freedom of light. In this way quantum correlations of matter are faithfully mapped on those of light; the latter can then be efficiently measured using homodyne detection. We illustrate the power of such spatially resolved quantum noise limited polarization measurement by applying it to detect various standard and "exotic" types of antiferromagnetic order in lattice systems and by indicating the feasibility of detection of superfluid order in Fermi liquids.
Eckert Kai
Lewenstein Maciej
Polzik Eugene S.
Rodriguez Mirta
Romero-Isart Oriol
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