Freezing and correlations in fluids with competing interactions

Details Freezing and correlations in fluids with competing interactions Freezing and correlations in fluids with competing interactions

2006-03-06

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0603130v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Soft Condensed Matter

17 pages, 7 figures. To appear in J. Phys.: Condensed Matter, special issue: "Topics in Application of Scattering Methods for

Scientific paper

10.1088/0953-8984/18/36/S06

We consider fluids where the attractive interaction at distances slightly larger than the particle size is dominated at larger distances by a repulsive contribution. A previous investigation of the effects of the competition between attraction and repulsion on the liquid-vapour transition and on the correlations is extended to the study of the stability of liquid-vapour phase separation with respect to freezing. We find that this long-range repulsive part of the interaction expands the region where the fluid-solid transition preempts the liquid-vapour one, so that the critical point becomes metastable at longer attraction ranges than those required for purely attractive potentials. Moreover, the large density fluctuations that occur near the liquid-vapour critical point are greatly enhanced by the competition between attractive and repulsive forces, and encompass a much wider region than in the attractive case. The decay of correlations for states where the compressibility is large is governed by two characteristic lengths, and the usual Ornstein-Zernike picture breaks down except for the very neighborhood of the critical point, where one length reduces to the commonly adopted correlation length, while the other one saturates at a finite value.

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