Physics – Condensed Matter – Statistical Mechanics
Scientific paper
2003-11-20
J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 15, 8065 (2003)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Statistical Mechanics
16 pages, 6 figures
Scientific paper
10.1088/0953-8984/15/47/010
I use the method of classical density-functional theory in the weighted-density approximation of Tarazona to investigate the phase diagram and the interface structure of a two-dimensional lattice-gas model with three phases -- vapour, liquid, and triangular solid. While a straightforward mean-field treatment of the interparticle attraction is unable to give a stable liquid phase, the correct phase diagram is obtained when including a suitably chosen square-gradient term in the system grand potential. Taken this theory for granted, I further examine the structure of the solid-vapour interface as the triple point is approached from low temperature. Surprisingly, a novel phase (rather than the liquid) is found to grow at the interface, exhibiting an unusually long modulation along the interface normal. The conventional surface-melting behaviour is recovered only by artificially restricting the symmetries being available to the density field.
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