Solitons, solitonic vortices, and vortex rings in a confined Bose-Einstein condensate

Details Solitons, solitonic vortices, and vortex rings in a confined Bose-Einstein condensate Solitons, solitonic vortices, and vortex rings in a confined Bose-Einstein condensate

2003-04-04

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0304123v2

Phys. Rev. A 68, 043617 (2003)

Physics

Condensed Matter

RevTeX 9 pages, 9 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.68.043617

Quasi-one-dimensional solitons that may occur in an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate become unstable at high particle density. We study two basic modes of instability and the corresponding bifurcations to genuinely three-dimensional solitary waves such as axisymmetric vortex rings and non-axisymmetric solitonic vortices. We calculate the profiles of the above structures and examine their dependence on the velocity of propagation along a cylindrical trap. At sufficiently high velocity, both the vortex ring and the solitonic vortex transform into an axisymmetric soliton. We also calculate the energy-momentum dispersions and show that a Lieb-type mode appears in the excitation spectrum for all particle densities.

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