Monotone return to steady nonequilibrium

Details Monotone return to steady nonequilibrium Monotone return to steady nonequilibrium

2011-02-15

arxiv.org/abs/1102.3028v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett

Scientific paper

We propose and analyze a new candidate Lyapunov function for relaxation towards general nonequilibrium steady states. The proposed functional is obtained from the large time asymptotics of time-symmetric fluctuations. For driven Markov jump or diffusion processes it measures an excess in dynamical activity rates. We present numerical evidence and we report on a rigorous argument for its monotonous time-dependence close to the steady nonequilibrium or in general after a long enough time. This is in contrast with the behavior of approximate Lyapunov functions based on entropy production that when driven far from equilibrium often keep exhibiting temporal oscillations even close to stationarity.

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