Physics – Condensed Matter – Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
2000-02-14
Phys. Rev. B 64, 165310 (2001)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.64.165310
We consider the problem of continuous quantum measurement of coherent oscillations between two quantum states of an individual two-state system. It is shown that the interplay between the information acquisition and the backaction dephasing of the oscillations by the detector imposes a fundamental limit, equal to 4, on the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement. The limit is universal, e.g., independent of the coupling strength between the detector and system, and results from the tendency of quantum measurement to localize the system in one of the measured eigenstates.
Averin Dmitri V.
Korotkov Alexander N.
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