Stable Skyrmions in SU(2) Gauged Bose-Einstein Condensates

Details Stable Skyrmions in SU(2) Gauged Bose-Einstein Condensates Stable Skyrmions in SU(2) Gauged Bose-Einstein Condensates

2012-04-14

arxiv.org/abs/1204.3177v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

5 pages, 3 figures

Scientific paper

We demonstrate that the three-dimensional skyrmion, which remains elusive so far, spontaneously appears as the ground state of SU(2) symmetric Bose-Einstein condensates coupled with a non-Abelian gauge field. The gauge field is a three-dimensional analogue of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling. As squashing the SO(3) symmetric gauge field to one- or two-dimensional shapes, we find that the ground state continuously undergoes a change from three-dimensional to one- or two-dimensional skyrmion, which is identified by estimating winding numbers and helicity. All of the emerged skyrmions are physically understandable with the concept of the helical modulation in a unified way. These topological objects can be realizable in two-component BECs experimentally.

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