Work Relation and the Second Law of Thermodynamics in Nonequilibrium Steady States

Details Work Relation and the Second Law of Thermodynamics in Nonequilibrium Steady States Work Relation and the Second Law of Thermodynamics in Nonequilibrium Steady States

2011-09-07

arxiv.org/abs/1109.1374v3

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

5 pages, 2 figures

Scientific paper

We extend Jarzynski's work relation and the second law of thermodynamics to a heat conducting system which is operated by an external agent. These extensions contain a new non equilibrium contribution expressed as the violation of the (linear) response relation caused by the operation. We find that a natural extension of the minimum work principle involves information about the time-reversed operation, and is far from straightforward. Our work relation may be tested experimentally especially when the temperature gradient is small.

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