Stability conditions and Fermi surface topologies in a superconductor

Details Stability conditions and Fermi surface topologies in a superconductor Stability conditions and Fermi surface topologies in a superconductor

2006-03-23

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0603603v2

Phys.Rev. B74 (2006) 064505

Physics

Condensed Matter

Superconductivity

18 pages, 7 figures; v2: some clarifications in Sec. IIC; references added; version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.74.064505

Candidate homogeneous, isotropic superfluid or superconducting states of paired fermion species with different chemical potentials, can lead to quasiparticle excitation energies that vanish at either zero, one, or two spheres in momentum space. With no zeroes, we have a conventional BCS superconductor. The other two cases, ``gapless'' superconductors, appear in mean field theory for sufficiently large mismatches and/or sufficiently large coupling strengths. Here we examine several stability criteria for those candidate phases. Positivity of number susceptibility appears to provide the most powerful constraint, and renders all the two-zero states that we have examined mechanically unstable. Our results should apply directly to ultracold fermionic atom systems.

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