Physics – Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
1993-08-12
Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 (1993) 3898
Physics
Condensed Matter
12 pages, 2 figures available upon request. RevTex version 3.0. FSU-SCRI-93-97
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.3898
We apply a generalized numerical transfer-matrix method to the 2-d Ising ferro- magnet in a nonzero field to obtain complex constrained free energies. Below $T_c$ certain eigenstates of the transfer matrix are identified as representing a metastable phase. The imaginary parts of the metastable constrained free energies are found to agree with a field-theoretic droplet model for a wide range of fields, allowing us to numerically estimate the average free-energy cost of a critical cluster. We find excellent agreement with the equilibrium cluster free energy obtained by a Wulff construction with the exact, aniso- tropic zero-field surface tension, and we present strong evidence for Gold- stone modes on the critical cluster surface. Our results are also fully con- sistent with average metastable lifetimes from previous Monte-Carlo simula- tions. The study indicates that our constrained-transfer-matrix technique pro- vides a nonperturbative numerical method to obtain an analytic continuation of the free energy around the essential singularity at the first-order transition.
Guenther C. C. A.
Novotny Mark A.
Rikvold Per Arne
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