Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of a Bose Condensate

Details Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of a Bose Condensate Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of a Bose Condensate

1996-01-31

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9601150v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Invited paper for the Journal of Statistical Physics

Scientific paper

10.1007/BF02181289

We study, by means of a variational method, the stability of a condensate in a magnetically trapped atomic Bose gas with a negative scattering length and find that the condensate is unstable in general. However, for temperatures sufficiently close to the critical temperature the condensate turns out to be metastable. For that case we determine in the usual WKB approximation the decay rate of the condensate due to macroscopic quantum fluctuations. When appropriate, we also calculate the decay rate due to thermal fluctuations. An important feature of our approach is that (nonsingular) phase fluctuations of the condensate are taken into account exactly.

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