Staggered-Vortex Superfluid of Ultracold Bosons in an Optical Lattice

Details Staggered-Vortex Superfluid of Ultracold Bosons in an Optical Lattice Staggered-Vortex Superfluid of Ultracold Bosons in an Optical Lattice

2007-09-24

arxiv.org/abs/0709.3740v4

Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 130402 (2008)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

4 pages, 4 figures, published version with improved figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.130402

We show that the dynamics of cold bosonic atoms in a two-dimensional square optical lattice produced by a bichromatic light-shift potential is described by a Bose-Hubbard model with an additional effective staggered magnetic field. In addition to the known uniform superfluid and Mott insulating phases, the zero-temperature phase diagram exhibits a novel kind of finite-momentum superfluid phase, characterized by a quantized staggered rotational flux. An extension for fermionic atoms leads to an anisotropic Dirac spectrum, which is relevant to graphene and high-$T_c$ superconductors.

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