Paths to Self-Organized Criticality

Details Paths to Self-Organized Criticality Paths to Self-Organized Criticality

1999-10-27

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9910454v2

Brazilian Journal of Physics 30, 27 (2000)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

23 pages + 2 figures

Scientific paper

We present a pedagogical introduction to self-organized criticality (SOC), unraveling its connections with nonequilibrium phase transitions. There are several paths from a conventional critical point to SOC. They begin with an absorbing-state phase transition (directed percolation is a familiar example), and impose supervision or driving on the system; two commonly used methods are extremal dynamics, and driving at a rate approaching zero. We illustrate this in sandpiles, where SOC is a consequence of slow driving in a system exhibiting an absorbing-state phase transition with a conserved density. Other paths to SOC, in driven interfaces, the Bak-Sneppen model, and self-organized directed percolation, are also examined. We review the status of experimental realizations of SOC in light of these observations.

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