Theory of quantum noise detectors based on resonant tunneling

Details Theory of quantum noise detectors based on resonant tunneling Theory of quantum noise detectors based on resonant tunneling

2008-04-04

arxiv.org/abs/0804.0812v1

Phys. Rev. B 78, 035332 (2008)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

11 pages, 4 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.78.035332

We propose to use the phenomenon of resonant tunneling for the detection of noise. The main idea of this method relies on the effect of homogeneous broadening of the resonant tunneling peak induced by the emission and absorption of collective charge excitations in the measurement circuit. In thermal equilibrium, the signal to noise ratio of the detector as a function of the detector bandwidth (the detector function) is given by the universal hyperbolic tangent, which is the statement of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The universality breaks down if non-equilibrium processes take place in the measurement circuit. We propose the theory of this phenomenon and make predictions for the detector function in case when non-equilibrium noise is created by a mesoscopic conductor. We investigate measurement circuit effects and prove the universality of the classical noise detection. Finally, we evaluate the contribution of the third cumulant of current and make suggestions of how it can be measured.

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