No many-scallop theorem: Collective locomotion of reciprocal swimmers

Details No many-scallop theorem: Collective locomotion of reciprocal swimmers No many-scallop theorem: Collective locomotion of reciprocal swimmers

2008-05-05

arxiv.org/abs/0805.0493v1

Phys. Rev. E (2008) 78, 030901

Physics

Condensed Matter

Soft Condensed Matter

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevE.78.030901

To achieve propulsion at low Reynolds number, a swimmer must deform in a way that is not invariant under time-reversal symmetry; this result is known as the scallop theorem. We show here that there is no many-scallop theorem. We demonstrate that two active particles undergoing reciprocal deformations can swim collectively; moreover, polar particles also experience effective long-range interactions. These results are derived for a minimal dimers model, and generalized to more complex geometries on the basis of symmetry and scaling arguments. We explain how such cooperative locomotion can be realized experimentally by shaking a collection of soft particles with a homogeneous external field.

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