Shot noise in mesoscopic systems

Details Shot noise in mesoscopic systems Shot noise in mesoscopic systems

1996-11-19

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9611140v1

"Mesoscopic Electron Transport," edited by L.L. Sohn, L.P. Kouwenhoven, and G. Schoen, NATO ASI Series Vol. 345 (Kluwer Academ

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

37 pages, Latex, 10 figures (eps). To be published in "Mesoscopic Electron Transport," edited by L. P. Kouwenhoven, G. Schoen,

Scientific paper

This is a review of shot noise, the time-dependent fluctuations in the electrical current due to the discreteness of the electron charge, in small conductors. The shot-noise power can be smaller than that of a Poisson process as a result of correlations in the electron transmission imposed by the Pauli principle. This suppression takes on simple universal values in a symmetric double-barrier junction (suppression factor 1/2), a disordered metal (factor 1/3), and a chaotic cavity (factor 1/4). Loss of phase coherence has no effect on this shot-noise suppression, while thermalization of the electrons due to electron-electron scattering increases the shot noise slightly. Sub-Poissonian shot noise has been observed experimentally. So far unobserved phenomena involve the interplay of shot noise with the Aharonov-Bohm effect, Andreev reflection, and the fractional quantum Hall effect.

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