Non-Adiabatic Spin Transfer Torque in Real Materials

Details Non-Adiabatic Spin Transfer Torque in Real Materials Non-Adiabatic Spin Transfer Torque in Real Materials

2008-12-13

arxiv.org/abs/0812.2570v1

Phys. Rev. B 79, 104416 (2009)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Materials Science

18 pages, 9 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. B

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.79.104416

The motion of simple domain walls and of more complex magnetic textures in the presence of a transport current is described by the Landau-Lifshitz-Slonczewski (LLS) equations. Predictions of the LLS equations depend sensitively on the ratio between the dimensionless material parameter $\beta$ which characterizes non-adiabatic spin-transfer torques and the Gilbert damping parameter $\alpha$. This ratio has been variously estimated to be close to 0, close to 1, and large compared to 1. By identifying $\beta$ as the influence of a transport current on $\alpha$, we derive a concise, explicit and relatively simple expression which relates $\beta$ to the band structure and Bloch state lifetimes of a magnetic metal. Using this expression we demonstrate that intrinsic spin-orbit interactions lead to intra-band contributions to $\beta$ which are often dominant and can be (i) estimated with some confidence and (ii) interpreted using the "breathing Fermi surface" model.

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