The evolution of Stanford University's ELF/VLF broadband data archive

Physics – Plasma Physics

Scientific paper

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[2794] Magnetospheric Physics / Instruments And Techniques, [6994] Radio Science / Instruments And Techniques, [7894] Space Plasma Physics / Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

The Stanford VLF group has been recording broadband ELF/VLF data since its inception in the 1960's. Beginning with analog tape recordings with spoken-word timestamps, we emerged into the digital age in the year 2000 with digital recordings onto compact discs, with a timing accuracy of 50 ns. The CD archival medium from 2000 was followed soon after with recordings onto DVDs and currently, external USB hard drives. Our standard broadband data are recorded on two channels, at two bytes/sample, with a sampling rate of 100 kilosamples/second; this generates up to 35 GB/day at each recording site. Over time, we have come to operate over three dozen recording sites around the world, though most record at a rate lower than the maximum. Combined, we estimate that we generate somewhat over 50 TB/year of data, a number which has been steadily increasing over the years. In this paper, we briefly discuss our legacy recording media, and how they were rendered obsolete by more advanced technologies. More importantly, we discuss our recent transition from DVDs to external USB hard drives. This decision was primarily motivated by reliability, as we've found that many of our DVDs have become unreadable only a few years after their recording. The steadily-declining cost-per-gigabyte of external USB hard drives, as well as their incredible efficiency advantages over DVDs, made switching even more appealing. Finally, we discuss how advanced processing can be achieved using a recently-acquired data server. For some of our recording sites, such as Palmer Station (L = 2.4, Λ = -50°) and South Pole Station (Λ = -74°), we have nearly two solar cycles of data. Using a data server, it is possible to perform extremely long-term automated processing on these stations, e.g., to determine how the occurrence rate of magnetospheric emissions, or the density of the lower ionosphere, is affected by the solar cycle. This manner of automated processing would not be possible if the data were stored on any removable media. Additionally, a centralized server allows us unprecedented ability to share our data and data products with others, a huge boon to the scientific community at large.

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